首先呢還是介紹下modbus協(xié)議。其實(shí)modbus協(xié)議你不需要了解太多。既然是要使用,那么你只需要明白一點(diǎn),modbus協(xié)議就是在你要發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,在數(shù)據(jù)前面加上一個(gè)幀頭,數(shù)據(jù)后面加一個(gè)幀尾。嗯,是不是還是有點(diǎn)迷?舉個(gè)例子吧。
所以主機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)過(guò)來(lái)一幀數(shù)據(jù):01 03 00 6B 00 03 17 74(這個(gè)01是我假設(shè)主機(jī)的地址,這個(gè)域名的作用就是用來(lái)判斷是否是主機(jī)發(fā)送過(guò)來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)。因?yàn)?a href="http://www.makelele.cn/v/tag/1301/" target="_blank">通信過(guò)程可能因?yàn)楦鞣N原因而導(dǎo)致主機(jī)發(fā)送過(guò)來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)異常,故而我們從機(jī)接收到數(shù)據(jù)之后會(huì)先對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析主機(jī)發(fā)過(guò)來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)是否正常,正常從機(jī)再發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)過(guò)去,異常則不對(duì)這幀數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行響應(yīng)即從機(jī)不發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)。17 74是根據(jù)01 03 00 6B 00 03計(jì)算出來(lái)的CRC校驗(yàn)值。)
當(dāng)從機(jī)接收到這串?dāng)?shù)據(jù),并且判斷數(shù)據(jù)正常則發(fā)送一幀數(shù)據(jù)到主機(jī):02 03 06 02 2B 00 00 00 64 11 8A(同樣的02是我假設(shè)的這個(gè)從機(jī)的地址,需注意的是咱們假設(shè)自己的從機(jī)地址不要與主機(jī)的地址相同。)在這幀數(shù)據(jù)中幀頭就是02 03 06,11 8A是根據(jù)02 03 06 02 2B 00 00 00 64計(jì)算出來(lái)的CRC 校驗(yàn)值也是幀尾。
那么問(wèn)題來(lái)了。。。程序中我們?cè)趺慈ビ?jì)算CRC校驗(yàn)值呢???這個(gè)嘛 ,下方我會(huì)貼上整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的例程,其中CRC.c中h函數(shù)unsigned int GetCRC16(unsigned char *ptr, unsigned char len)我們只需要調(diào)用這個(gè)函數(shù)就可以算出CRC校驗(yàn)值了。有興趣的也可以去額外了解下CRC校驗(yàn)具體是怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
485.c:
#include "bsp_485.h"
uint8_t SendU3Buff[SENDU3BUFF_SIZE];
sta
tic void NVIC_USART3_Configuration(void)
{
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
/* 配置USART為中斷源 */
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART3_IRQn;
/* 搶斷優(yōu)先級(jí)*/
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
/* 子優(yōu)先級(jí) */
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel
SubPriority = 1;
/* 使能中斷 */
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
/* 初始化配置NVIC */
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}
static void NVIC_DMA1_2_Configuration(void)
{
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
/* 嵌套向量中斷控制器組選擇 */
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
/* 配置USART為中斷源 */
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = DMA1_Channel2_IRQn;
/* 搶斷優(yōu)先級(jí)*/
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
/* 子優(yōu)先級(jí) */
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
/* 使能中斷 */
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
/* 初始化配置NVIC */
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}
//static void NVIC_DMA1_2_Configuration(void)
//{
// NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; /* Configure one bit for preemption priority */
// NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_1);
// NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = DMA1_Channel2_IRQn;
// NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
// NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
// NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
// NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
//}
/**
* U3:TX:PB10 RX:PB11 TXRXEN:PD3
* U5:TX:PC12 RX:PD1 TXRXEN:PD0
*
*/
void USART3_Config(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);//TX、RX是時(shí)鐘
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, ENABLE);//EN時(shí)鐘
// 打開(kāi)串口外設(shè)的時(shí)鐘
DEBUG_USART_APBxClkCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART3, ENABLE);//USART時(shí)鐘
// 將USART Tx的GPIO配置為推挽復(fù)用模式
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_
Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
// 將USART Rx的GPIO配置為浮空輸入模式
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* 設(shè)置485收發(fā)控制管腳為推挽輸出Out_PP */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = RS485_RE_PIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOD , &GPIO_InitStructure);
// 配置串口的工作參數(shù)
// 配置波特率
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
// 配置 針數(shù)據(jù)字長(zhǎng)
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
// 配置停止位
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
// 配置校驗(yàn)位
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ;
// 配置硬件流控制
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
// 配置工作模式,收發(fā)一起
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
// 完成串口的初始化配置
USART_Init(USART3, &USART_InitStructure);
// 串口中斷優(yōu)先級(jí)配置
NVIC_USART3_Configuration();
// 使能串口接收中斷
USART_ITConfig(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
// 使能串口空閑中斷(用于檢測(cè)一幀數(shù)據(jù)接收完畢)
USART_ITConfig(USART3, USART_IT_IDLE, ENABLE);
// 使能串口
USART_Cmd(USART3, ENABLE);
/*控制 485 芯片進(jìn)入接收模式*/
RS485_RX_EN();//
}
void USART3_DMA_Config(void)
{
DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;
// 開(kāi)啟DMA時(shí)鐘
RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_DMA1, ENABLE);
/* 復(fù)位初始化 DMA 數(shù)據(jù)流 */
DMA_DeInit(DMA1_Channel2);
// 設(shè)置DMA外設(shè)地址:串口數(shù)據(jù)寄存器地址*/
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = USART_DR_ADDRESS;
// 內(nèi)存地址(要傳輸?shù)淖兞康闹羔?
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (u32)SendU3Buff;
// 方向:從內(nèi)存到外設(shè)
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;
// 傳輸大小
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = SENDU3BUFF_SIZE;
// 外設(shè)地址不增
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;
// 內(nèi)存地址自增
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;
// 外設(shè)數(shù)據(jù)單位
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_Byte;
// 內(nèi)存數(shù)據(jù)單位
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_Byte;
// DMA模式,一次或者循環(huán)模式
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Normal ;
//DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;
// 優(yōu)先級(jí):中
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_Medium;
// 禁止內(nèi)存到內(nèi)存的傳輸
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_
M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;
// 配置DMA通道
DMA_Init(USART_TX_DMA_CHANNEL, &DMA_InitStructure);
NVIC_DMA1_2_Configuration();
//開(kāi)啟DMA通道的TC中斷:傳輸完成中斷
DMA_ITConfig(DMA1_Channel2,DMA_IT_TC,ENABLE);
// 使能DMA
DMA_Cmd (DMA1_Channel2,ENABLE);
}
/***************** 發(fā)送一個(gè)字符 **********************/
void Usart_SendByte( USART_TypeDef * pUSARTx, uint8_t ch)
{
/* 發(fā)送一個(gè)字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)到USART */
USART_SendData(pUSARTx,ch);
/* 等待發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)寄存器為空 */
while (USART_GetFlagStatus(pUSARTx, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}
/***************** 發(fā)送字符串 **********************/
void Usart_SendString( USART_TypeDef * pUSARTx, char *str)
{
unsigned int k=0;
do
{
Usart_SendByte( pUSARTx, *(str + k) );
k++;
} while(*(str + k)!='\0');
/* 等待發(fā)送完成 */
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(pUSARTx,USART_FLAG_TC)==RESET)
{}
}
/***************** 發(fā)送一個(gè)16位數(shù) **********************/
void Usart_SendHalfWord( USART_TypeDef * pUSARTx, uint16_t ch)
{
uint8_t temp_h, temp_l;
/* 取出高八位 */
temp_h = (ch&0XFF00)>>8;
/* 取出低八位 */
temp_l = ch&0XFF;
/* 發(fā)送高八位 */
USART_SendData(pUSARTx,temp_h);
while (USART_GetFlagStatus(pUSARTx, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
/* 發(fā)送低八位 */
USART_SendData(pUSARTx,temp_l);
while (USART_GetFlagStatus(pUSARTx, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}
/*
Desc:接收中斷時(shí),將接收到的所有數(shù)據(jù)用數(shù)組保存。
*/
//中斷緩存串口數(shù)據(jù)
#define UART_BUFF_SIZE 1024
uint16_t uart3_p = 1;
uint16_t uart3_RXbuff[UART_BUFF_SIZE];
uint8_t u3Temp;
uint8_t tempU3;
uint8_t ReceivedUsart3Flag = 0;
uint16_t clr;
uint16_t a=0x00;
void bspU3_RS485_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (USART_GetITStatus( USART3, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET) //收到一個(gè)字節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)
{//保存接收到的數(shù)據(jù)
uart3_RXbuff[uart3_p] = USART_ReceiveData(USART3);
uart3_p++;
}
if (USART_GetITStatus(USART3, USART_IT_IDLE) != RESET) //收到一幀的數(shù)據(jù)
{//將接收到的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到串口調(diào)試助手上以便觀察數(shù)據(jù)是否正確
u3Temp = uart3_p-1;
clr = USART3->SR;
clr = USART3->DR;
ReceivedUsart3Flag = 1;
RS485_TX_EN() ;
// for(uart3_p= 1; uart3_p <= u3Temp; uart3_p++)//調(diào)試通信程序?qū)S?,用于將接收到的?shù)據(jù)再發(fā)送到串口調(diào)試助手顯示
// {
// Usart_SendByte(USART3,uart3_RXbuff[uart3_p]);
// }
uart3_p = 1;
// LED1_OFF;
// LED2_OFF;
// LED3_OFF;
// LED4_OFF;
LED1_ON;
LED2_ON;
LED3_ON;
LED4_ON;
if(uart3_RXbuff[1]==0x01&&uart3_RXbuff[2]==0x03&&uart3_RXbuff[3]==0x00&&uart3_RXbuff[4]==0x00&&
uart3_RXbuff[5]==0x00&&uart3_RXbuff[6]==0x06&&uart3_RXbuff[7]==0xC5&&uart3_RXbuff[8]==0xC8)
// uart3_RXbuff[9]==0x00&&uart3_RXbuff[10]==0x01&&uart3_RXbuff[11]==0x03&&uart3_RXbuff[12]==0x9C&&
// uart3_RXbuff[13]==0x41&&uart3_RXbuff[14]==0x00&&uart3_RXbuff[15]==0x02&&uart3_RXbuff[16]==0x17&&
{
/* DMA發(fā)送使能 */
USART3_DMA_Config();
RS485_TX_EN() ;
USART_DMACmd(USART3, USART_DMAReq_Tx, ENABLE);//這個(gè)放在最后
}
}
}
void bspU3_RS485_DMA_IRQHandler()
{
if(DMA_GetITStatus(DMA1_IT_TC2))
{
//清TC標(biāo)志
DMA_ClearITPendingBit(DMA1_IT_GL2); //清除全部中斷標(biāo)志 //DMA_ClearFLAG(DMA1_FLAG_TC2); //清除全部中斷標(biāo)志(這種寫(xiě)法也可以)
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART3, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET); //等待USART1發(fā)送完成標(biāo)志TC置1
USART_ClearFlag(USART3, USART_FLAG_TC); //清除發(fā)送完成標(biāo)志
}
//關(guān)閉DMA通道
DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel2, DISABLE);
RS485_RX_EN();
}
CRC16.c:
#include "crc16.h"
unsigned int GetCRC16(unsigned char *ptr, unsigned char len)
{
uint16_t index;
uint8_t crcl = 0xFF; //高CRC字節(jié)
uint8_t crch = 0xFF; //低CRC字節(jié)
uint8_t TabH[] = { //CRC高位字節(jié)值表
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40
} ;
u8 TabL[] = { //CRC低位字節(jié)值表
0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06,
0x07, 0xC7, 0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD,
0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E, 0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09,
0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9, 0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A,
0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD, 0x1D, 0x1C, 0x
DC, 0x14, 0xD4,
0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3,
0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3,
0xF2, 0x32, 0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4,
0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A,
0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38, 0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29,
0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF, 0x2D, 0xED,
0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26,
0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60,
0x61, 0xA1, 0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2, 0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67,
0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4, 0x6C, 0x
AC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F,
0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB, 0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68,
0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA, 0xBE, 0x7E,
0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5,
0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71,
0x70, 0xB0, 0x50, 0x90, 0x91, 0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92,
0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97, 0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C,
0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E, 0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B,
0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88, 0x48, 0x49, 0x89, 0x4B, 0x8B,
0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C,
0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42,
0x43, 0x83, 0x41, 0x81, 0x80, 0x40
} ;
while (len--) //計(jì)算指定長(zhǎng)度的CRC
{
index = crcl ^ *ptr++;
crcl = crch ^ TabH[index];
crch = TabL[index];
}
return ((crch<<8) | crcl);??
}
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