描述

您可以在ElectroPeak 的官方網(wǎng)站上閱讀本教程和其他精彩教程

概述

在本教程中，您將學(xué)習(xí)如何使用帶有 IC MAX7219 的 8×8 點陣 LED 模塊。最后，您將能夠輕松地、固定或滾動地在一個或多個點陣上顯示任何形狀或文本，僅使用 4 個 arduino 數(shù)字引腳。

你將學(xué)到什么：

• 什么是點陣LED
• 如何在 Arduino 上使用點陣 LED
• 在點陣 LED 模塊上顯示特定形狀
• 級聯(lián)兩個點陣 LED

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什么是點陣？

ot Matrix LED 8×8 是一個 LED 陣列，您可以在其上顯示特定的數(shù)字、字母和形狀。點陣由行數(shù)和列數(shù)表示。最受歡迎的點陣類型是其 8×8 類型，它提供 8 行 8 列的 64 個 LED。

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要簡單地控制8×8點陣，你應(yīng)該將每一行和每一列連接到一個數(shù)字引腳，這意味著你需要16個數(shù)字引腳！所以這不是一個正確的方法。

要控制點陣，有一些基于 MAX72xx ICS 的模塊需要連接到 4 個數(shù)字引腳而不是 16 個。您還可以將多個點陣（最多 8 個）相互連接，而無需任何額外的引腳并將它們級聯(lián)。

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如何使用 Arduino 連接點陣模塊

電路

要將點陣連接到Arduino，只需將Vcc和GND引腳連接到5V和GND Arduino，點陣的DIN、CS和CLK引腳可以連接到arduino的任何數(shù)字引腳。

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代碼

點陣和 Arduino 有各種庫。Ledcontrol和MaxMatrix庫是兩個最常見的庫，它們具有相同的結(jié)構(gòu)。

現(xiàn)在將以下代碼上傳到您的 Arduino 板上。

/*
 8x8 Dot Matrix w/ MAX7219
 modified on 7 March 2019
 by Saeed Hosseini @ Electropeak
 https://electropeak.com/learn/
*/
#include int DIN = 7;
int CLK = 6;
int CS = 5;
int maxInUse = 1;
byte buffer[20];
char text[] = "a";
MaxMatrix m(DIN, CS, CLK, maxInUse);
void setup() {
 m.init();
 m.setIntensity(8);
}
void loop() {
 m.setDot(0, 7, true);
 m.setDot(0, 7, true);
 delay(1000);
 m.setDot(7, 0, true);
 delay(1000);
 m.setColumn(3, B11110000);
 delay(1000);
 m.setColumn(4, B00001111);
 delay(1000);
 m.clear();
 delay(1000);
} 

該庫的一些最重要的功能如下：

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在點陣上顯示特定形狀

要在點陣上顯示您的特定形狀，只需將 LED 燈圖案轉(zhuǎn)換為位串即可。為此，您可以從此類在線工具中獲得幫助。設(shè)計您的形狀并將生成的代碼復(fù)制到 Arduino，然后將其上傳到您的板上。

/*
 8x8 Dot Matrix w/ MAX7219
 modified on 7 March 2019
 by Saeed Hosseini @ Electropeak
 https://electropeak.com/learn/
*/
#include int DIN = 7;
int CLK = 6;
int CS = 5;
int maxInUse = 1;
MaxMatrix m(DIN, CS, CLK, maxInUse);
byte poker[] = {8, 8,
               0xff,
               0x81,
               0xa5,
               0xa1,
               0xa1,
               0xa5,
               0x81,
               0xff
              };
byte smile[] = {8, 8,
               0xff,
               0x81,
               0xb5,
               0xa1,
               0xa1,
               0xb5,
               0x81,
               0xff
              };
byte sad[] = {8, 8,
             0xff,
             0x81,
             0xb5,
             0x91,
             0x91,
             0xb5,
             0x81,
             0xff
            };
byte kiss[] = {8, 8,
              0xff,
              0x81,
              0xb5,
              0xb1,
              0xb1,
              0xb5,
              0x81,
              0xff
             };
void setup() {
 m.init();
 m.setIntensity(8);
}
void loop() {
 m.writeSprite(0, 0, smile);
 delay(1000);
 m.clear();
 m.writeSprite(0, 0, poker);
 delay(1000);
 m.clear();
 m.writeSprite(0, 0, sad);
 delay(1000);
 m.clear();
 m.writeSprite(0, 0, kiss);
 delay(1000);
 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
   m.shiftLeft(false, false);
   delay(300);
 }
 m.clear();
} 

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您還可以通過此方法創(chuàng)建和顯示數(shù)字和字母。

要插入常見的數(shù)字、字母和符號，您可以使用以下字符串和函數(shù)：

#include byte buffer[10];
PROGMEM const unsigned char CH[] = {
3, 8, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // space
1, 8, B01011111, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // !
3, 8, B00000011, B00000000, B00000011, B00000000, B00000000, // "
5, 8, B00010100, B00111110, B00010100, B00111110, B00010100, // #
4, 8, B00100100, B01101010, B00101011, B00010010, B00000000, // $
5, 8, B01100011, B00010011, B00001000, B01100100, B01100011, // %
5, 8, B00110110, B01001001, B01010110, B00100000, B01010000, // &
1, 8, B00000011, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // '
3, 8, B00011100, B00100010, B01000001, B00000000, B00000000, // (
3, 8, B01000001, B00100010, B00011100, B00000000, B00000000, // )
5, 8, B00101000, B00011000, B00001110, B00011000, B00101000, // *
5, 8, B00001000, B00001000, B00111110, B00001000, B00001000, // +
2, 8, B10110000, B01110000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // ,
4, 8, B00001000, B00001000, B00001000, B00001000, B00000000, // -
2, 8, B01100000, B01100000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // .
4, 8, B01100000, B00011000, B00000110, B00000001, B00000000, // /
4, 8, B00111110, B01000001, B01000001, B00111110, B00000000, // 0
3, 8, B01000010, B01111111, B01000000, B00000000, B00000000, // 1
4, 8, B01100010, B01010001, B01001001, B01000110, B00000000, // 2
4, 8, B00100010, B01000001, B01001001, B00110110, B00000000, // 3
4, 8, B00011000, B00010100, B00010010, B01111111, B00000000, // 4
4, 8, B00100111, B01000101, B01000101, B00111001, B00000000, // 5
4, 8, B00111110, B01001001, B01001001, B00110000, B00000000, // 6
4, 8, B01100001, B00010001, B00001001, B00000111, B00000000, // 7
4, 8, B00110110, B01001001, B01001001, B00110110, B00000000, // 8
4, 8, B00000110, B01001001, B01001001, B00111110, B00000000, // 9
2, 8, B01010000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // :
2, 8, B10000000, B01010000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // ;
3, 8, B00010000, B00101000, B01000100, B00000000, B00000000, // < 3, 8, B00010100, B00010100, B00010100, B00000000, B00000000, // = 3, 8, B01000100, B00101000, B00010000, B00000000, B00000000, // >
4, 8, B00000010, B01011001, B00001001, B00000110, B00000000, // ?
5, 8, B00111110, B01001001, B01010101, B01011101, B00001110, // @
4, 8, B01111110, B00010001, B00010001, B01111110, B00000000, // A
4, 8, B01111111, B01001001, B01001001, B00110110, B00000000, // B
4, 8, B00111110, B01000001, B01000001, B00100010, B00000000, // C
4, 8, B01111111, B01000001, B01000001, B00111110, B00000000, // D
4, 8, B01111111, B01001001, B01001001, B01000001, B00000000, // E
4, 8, B01111111, B00001001, B00001001, B00000001, B00000000, // F
4, 8, B00111110, B01000001, B01001001, B01111010, B00000000, // G
4, 8, B01111111, B00001000, B00001000, B01111111, B00000000, // H
3, 8, B01000001, B01111111, B01000001, B00000000, B00000000, // I
4, 8, B00110000, B01000000, B01000001, B00111111, B00000000, // J
4, 8, B01111111, B00001000, B00010100, B01100011, B00000000, // K
4, 8, B01111111, B01000000, B01000000, B01000000, B00000000, // L
5, 8, B01111111, B00000010, B00001100, B00000010, B01111111, // M
5, 8, B01111111, B00000100, B00001000, B00010000, B01111111, // N
4, 8, B00111110, B01000001, B01000001, B00111110, B00000000, // O
4, 8, B01111111, B00001001, B00001001, B00000110, B00000000, // P
4, 8, B00111110, B01000001, B01000001, B10111110, B00000000, // Q
4, 8, B01111111, B00001001, B00001001, B01110110, B00000000, // R
4, 8, B01000110, B01001001, B01001001, B00110010, B00000000, // S
5, 8, B00000001, B00000001, B01111111, B00000001, B00000001, // T
4, 8, B00111111, B01000000, B01000000, B00111111, B00000000, // U
5, 8, B00001111, B00110000, B01000000, B00110000, B00001111, // V
5, 8, B00111111, B01000000, B00111000, B01000000, B00111111, // W
5, 8, B01100011, B00010100, B00001000, B00010100, B01100011, // X
5, 8, B00000111, B00001000, B01110000, B00001000, B00000111, // Y
4, 8, B01100001, B01010001, B01001001, B01000111, B00000000, // Z
2, 8, B01111111, B01000001, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // [
4, 8, B00000001, B00000110, B00011000, B01100000, B00000000, // \ backslash
2, 8, B01000001, B01111111, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // ]
3, 8, B00000010, B00000001, B00000010, B00000000, B00000000, // hat
4, 8, B01000000, B01000000, B01000000, B01000000, B00000000, // _
2, 8, B00000001, B00000010, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // `
4, 8, B00100000, B01010100, B01010100, B01111000, B00000000, // a
4, 8, B01111111, B01000100, B01000100, B00111000, B00000000, // b
4, 8, B00111000, B01000100, B01000100, B00101000, B00000000, // c
4, 8, B00111000, B01000100, B01000100, B01111111, B00000000, // d
4, 8, B00111000, B01010100, B01010100, B00011000, B00000000, // e
3, 8, B00000100, B01111110, B00000101, B00000000, B00000000, // f
4, 8, B10011000, B10100100, B10100100, B01111000, B00000000, // g
4, 8, B01111111, B00000100, B00000100, B01111000, B00000000, // h
3, 8, B01000100, B01111101, B01000000, B00000000, B00000000, // i
4, 8, B01000000, B10000000, B10000100, B01111101, B00000000, // j
4, 8, B01111111, B00010000, B00101000, B01000100, B00000000, // k
3, 8, B01000001, B01111111, B01000000, B00000000, B00000000, // l
5, 8, B01111100, B00000100, B01111100, B00000100, B01111000, // m
4, 8, B01111100, B00000100, B00000100, B01111000, B00000000, // n
4, 8, B00111000, B01000100, B01000100, B00111000, B00000000, // o
4, 8, B11111100, B00100100, B00100100, B00011000, B00000000, // p
4, 8, B00011000, B00100100, B00100100, B11111100, B00000000, // q
4, 8, B01111100, B00001000, B00000100, B00000100, B00000000, // r
4, 8, B01001000, B01010100, B01010100, B00100100, B00000000, // s
3, 8, B00000100, B00111111, B01000100, B00000000, B00000000, // t
4, 8, B00111100, B01000000, B01000000, B01111100, B00000000, // u
5, 8, B00011100, B00100000, B01000000, B00100000, B00011100, // v
5, 8, B00111100, B01000000, B00111100, B01000000, B00111100, // w
5, 8, B01000100, B00101000, B00010000, B00101000, B01000100, // x
4, 8, B10011100, B10100000, B10100000, B01111100, B00000000, // y
3, 8, B01100100, B01010100, B01001100, B00000000, B00000000, // z
3, 8, B00001000, B00110110, B01000001, B00000000, B00000000, // {
1, 8, B01111111, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, // |
3, 8, B01000001, B00110110, B00001000, B00000000, B00000000, // }
4, 8, B00001000, B00000100, B00001000, B00000100, B00000000, // ~
 };
void printCharWithShift(char c, int shift_speed) {
if (c < 32) return;
c -= 32;
memcpy_P(buffer, CH + 7 * c, 7);
m.writeSprite(32, 0, buffer);
m.setColumn(32 + buffer[0], 0);
?  for (int i = 0; i < buffer[0] + 1; i++)
{
delay(shift_speed);
m.shiftLeft(false, false);
}
}
void printStringWithShift(char* s, int shift_speed) {
while (*s != 0) {
printCharWithShift(*s, shift_speed);
s++;
}
}
void printString(char* s)
{
int col = 0;
while (*s != 0)
{
if (*s < 32) continue;
char c = *s - 32;
memcpy_P(buffer, CH + 7 * c, 7);
m.writeSprite(col, 0, buffer);
m.setColumn(col + buffer[0], 0);
col += buffer[0] + 1;
s++;
}
}

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級聯(lián)兩個點陣LED模塊

點陣模塊的一個有趣特性是能夠連接多個（最多 8 個）模塊并在其上顯示級聯(lián)信息。

電路

為此，將第一個模塊的 Dout 連接到下一個模塊的Din ，并將具有相同名稱的其他引腳相互連接。

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代碼

現(xiàn)在將以下代碼上傳到您的 Arduino 并查看結(jié)果。

/*
 8x8 Dot Matrix w/ MAX7219
 modified on 7 March 2019
 by Saeed Hosseini @ Electropeak
 https://electropeak.com/learn/
*/
#include int DIN = 7;
int CLK = 6;
int CS = 5;
int maxInUse = 2;
MaxMatrix m(DIN, CS, CLK, maxInUse);
byte pakman[] = {8, 8, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x00, 0x08};
void setup() {
 m.init();
 m.setIntensity(2);
}
void loop(){
 m.writeSprite(0, 0, pakman);
 delay(300);
 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
   m.shiftRight(false, true);
   delay(300);
 }
 m.clear();
} 

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筆記

不要忘記您只是直接對第一個模塊進行編程。

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