超聲波傳感器優(yōu)于紅外傳感器，因?yàn)樗鼈儾皇軣熿F或黑色材料的影響，但是，不能很好地反射聲納（超聲波）波的軟材料可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致問(wèn)題。它不是一個(gè)完美的系統(tǒng)，但它很好而且可靠。

電路設(shè)置：

傳感器的技術(shù)規(guī)格是：

• 電源 - +5V DC
• 靜態(tài)電流 - <2mA
• 工作電流 - 15mA
• 有效角度 ? <15°
• 測(cè)距距離 ? 2cm – 400 cm/1″ – 13ft
• 分辨率 - 0.3 厘米
• 測(cè)量角度 - 30 度

讓我們了解使用 Arduino Genuino/Uno 的工作原理：

const int pingPin = 9; // Trigger Pin of Ultrasonic Sensor
const int echoPin = 10; // Echo Pin of Ultrasonic Sensor
void setup() {
   Serial.begin(9600); // Starting Serial Terminal (baud rate)
}
void loop() {
   long duration, inches, cm;
   pinMode(pingPin, OUTPUT); //tells the sensor to send a signal from trigger pin
   digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
   delayMicroseconds(2);
   digitalWrite(pingPin, HIGH); //sending the signal
   delayMicroseconds(10); // waiting 
   digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
   pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); //receiving back at the echo 
   duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // we measured the duration by calculating the time difference for which the echo pin received the signal back from the trigger pin after reflection from the obstacle. This mechanism is also referred to as echolocation.
   inches = microsecondsToInches(duration); //called the function we created below
   cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
   Serial.print(inches); //printing to serial monitor
   Serial.print("in, ");
   Serial.print(cm);
   Serial.print("cm");
   Serial.println(); //command to invoke the serial monitor.
   delay(100);
}
long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds) {
   return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}
long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds) {
   return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}

上傳代碼后按 ctrl+shift+M。串行監(jiān)視器將開(kāi)始顯示厘米和英寸的值。訪問(wèn)? ?HC-SR04的工作

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